怎样建设个自己的网站首页,福州市官网,昆明网站建设云集创,电子商务网站建设与原理拓扑结构#xff1a; 要求#xff1a; 1、两个协议间进行多点双向重发布
2、R7的环回没有宣告在OSPF协议中#xff0c;而是在后期重发布进入的
3、解决环路#xff0c;所有路径选择最优#xff0c;且存在备份
4、R2的环回要在RIP中宣告#xff0c;R3的环回要在OSPF中宣… 拓扑结构 要求 1、两个协议间进行多点双向重发布
2、R7的环回没有宣告在OSPF协议中而是在后期重发布进入的
3、解决环路所有路径选择最优且存在备份
4、R2的环回要在RIP中宣告R3的环回要在OSPF中宣告 使用的设备7台路由器
解决网络拓扑
1、确定广播域的个数
2、分配网段
3、配置IP地址 优先配置路由器 确定广播域的个数 根据拓扑结构图以及要求可知本拓扑结构一共拥有9个网段包括4个给定网段一个环回网段和四个内网网段 分配网段 自主分配网段
接口网段环回网段10.1.1.0/3010.1.1.128/2520.1.1.0/3020.1.1.128/2530.1.1.0/3030.1.1.128/2540.1.1.0/3040.1.1.128/2550.1.1.0/3050.1.1.128/2560.1.1.0/3060.1.1.128/2570.1.1.0/3070.1.1.128/25 配置路由器IP地址 AR1 Huaweisystem-view
Enter system view, return user view with CtrlZ.
[Huawei]sysname r1
[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.1 30
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 13 2023 21:09:09-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r1]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 20.1.1.1 30
May 13 2023 21:09:33-08:00 r1 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r1]interface LoopBack 0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip address 10.1.1.129 25
[r1-LoopBack0]q
[r1] AR2 Huaweisystem-view
Enter system view, return user view with CtrlZ.
[Huawei]sysname r2
[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 10.1.1.2 30
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 13 2023 21:14:37-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 30.1.1.1 30
May 13 2023 21:14:49-08:00 r2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r2]interface LoopBack 0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip address 20.1.1.129 25
[r2-LoopBack0]q
[r2] AR3 Huaweisystem-view
Enter system view, return user view with CtrlZ.
[Huawei]sysname r3
[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 20.1.1.2 30
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 13 2023 21:16:22-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 40.1.1.1 30
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
May 13 2023 21:16:37-08:00 r3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r3]interface LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 30.1.1.129 25
[r3-LoopBack0]q
[r3] AR4 Huaweisystem-view
Enter system view, return user view with CtrlZ.
[Huawei]sysname r4
[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 40.1.1.2 30
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 13 2023 21:18:12-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 30.1.1.2 30
May 13 2023 21:18:23-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 50.1.1.1 30
May 13 2023 21:18:37-08:00 r4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[r4]interface LoopBack 0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip address 40.1.1.129 25
[r4-LoopBack0]q
[r4] AR5 Huaweisystem-view
Enter system view, return user view with CtrlZ.
[Huawei]sysname r5
[r5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 50.1.1.2 30
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 13 2023 21:19:46-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 60.1.1.1 30
May 13 2023 21:20:00-08:00 r5 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r5]interface LoopBack 0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip address 50.1.1.129 25
[r5-LoopBack0]q
[r5] AR6 Huaweisystem-view
Enter system view, return user view with CtrlZ.
[Huawei]sysname r6
[r6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 60.1.1.2 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
May 13 2023 21:21:05-08:00 r6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 70.1.1.1 30
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
May 13 2023 21:21:24-08:00 r6 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r6]interface LoopBack 0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip address 60.1.1.129 25
[r6-LoopBack0]q
[r6] AR7:
Huaweisystem-view
Enter system view, return user view with CtrlZ.
[Huawei]sysname r7
[r7]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 70.1.1.2 30
May 13 2023 21:23:13-08:00 r7 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r7]interface LoopBack 0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip address 70.1.1.129 25
[r7-LoopBack0]q
[r7] 配置RIP动态路由协议 AR1
[r1]rip 1
[r1-rip-1]version 2
[r1-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]network 20.0.0.0
[r1-rip-1]q
[r1]
AR2
[r2]rip 1
[r2-rip-1]version 2
[r2-rip-1]network 10.0.0.0
[r2-rip-1]network 20.0.0.0
[r2-rip-1]q
[r2]
AR3
[r3]rip 1
[r3-rip-1]version 2
[r3-rip-1]network 20.0.0.0
[r3-rip-1]q
[r3] 配置OSPF动态路由协议 AR2
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]area 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 30.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r2-ospf-1]q
[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r2]
AR3
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]area 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 30.1.1.128 0.0.0.127
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 40.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r3-ospf-1]q
[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r3]
AR4 [r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]area 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 30.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 40.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 40.1.1.128 0.0.0.127
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 50.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r4-ospf-1]q
[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r4]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/2
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
[r4] AR5 [r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]area 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 50.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 50.1.1.128 0.0.0.127
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 60.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r5-ospf-1]q
[r5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r5]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r5] AR6 [r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]area 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 60.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 60.1.1.128 0.0.0.127
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 70.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r6-ospf-1]q
[r6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r6]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[r6] AR7 [r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]area 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 70.1.1.0 0.0.0.3
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]q
[r7-ospf-1]q
[r7]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ospf authentication-mode md5 1 cipher 123456
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r7] 配置OSPF动态路由协议在接口配置认证保证更新安全 重发布 配置完RIP动态路由协议与OSPF动态路由协议之后双方协议并没有对方的路由条目所以要正常通信就要进行双向重发布操作
注先在R7上重发布环回然后在R2、R3上重发布
AR7
[r7]ospf 1
[r7-ospf-1]import-route direct
[r7-ospf-1]q
[r7]
AR2
[r2]rip 1
[r2-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r2-rip-1]q
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r2-ospf-1]q
[r2]
AR3
[r3]rip 1
[r3-rip-1]import-route ospf 1
[r3-rip-1]q
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]import-route rip 1
[r3-ospf-1]q
[r3] 环路 做完多点双向重发布之后要保证R2、R3上路由表不发生变化否则就会出现环路
R2的路由表上有一些问题R2去R3的环回有两条路径1走左边RIP路由条目掩码是25位2走右边OSPF路由条目掩码是32位华为模拟器认为环回地址是32位掩码
修改方案1把环回接口地址掩码修改为32位2修改环回接口类型
#第一种方案
[r3]interface LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]undo ip address 30.1.1.129 25
[r3-LoopBack0]ip address 30.1.1.129 32
[r3-LoopBack0]q
[r3]#第二种方案
[r3]interface LoopBack 0
[r3-LoopBack0]ospf network-type broadcast
[r3-LoopBack0]q
[r3] 修改成功解决问题。 此时R3上的路由已经出现问题R3认为去R7的环回要走RIP然后绕到R2这里是因为R7的环回是重发布进OSPF的起初R3加表的重发布的R7环回优先级为150但是经过R2重发布进RIP经过R1通过RIP的学习然后再传给R3这条经RIP学习到的路由优先级为100经过对比R3就会将从RIP学到的R7环回加入路由表中这样就会导致选路不佳并且有可能出现环路 可以用wireshark来抓包查看这个ICMPping70.1.1.129包在R1~R4之间传递每次TTL值减4。此时已经成功出现环路但是由于timeout时间只有2s并且有ttl值限制并未显现出来
解决方案路由策略修改优先级
[r3]ip ip-prefix a permit 70.1.1.128 25[r3]route-policy q permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix a
[r3-route-policy]apply preference 151
[r3-route-policy]q[r3]rip 1
[r3-rip-1]preference route-policy q
[r3-rip-1]q
[r3] 最后是选路问题 1、R1去R2包括环回可以走两条路径但并没有负载均衡 解决方案在R2上做路由策略修改开销值开销值加2AR2
[r2]ip ip-prefix qq permit 30.1.1.128 25
[r2]ip ip-prefix qq permit 40.1.1.0 30
[r2]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricout ip-prefix qq 2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r2]
2、R1去R3包括环回也可以走两条路径但并没有负载均衡 解决方案在R2上做路由策略修改开销值开销值加2
AR3
[r3]ip ip-prefix qq permit 30.1.1.0 30
[r3]interface GigabitEthernet 0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]rip metricout ip-prefix qq 2
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
[r3]
3、R4也是一样去R2包括环回可以走两条路径但并没有负载均衡 解决方案在R2上做路由策略修改类型重发布为类型2修改为类型1
AR2
#匹配流量
[r2]ip ip-prefix qqq permit 10.1.1.0 30
[r2]ip ip-prefix qqq permit 20.1.1.128 25#配置策略
[r2]route-policy z permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r2-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix z
[r2-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[r2-route-policy]q#做一个空表放过其他流量
[r2]route-policy z permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r2-route-policy]q#重发布时调用策略
[r2]ospf 1
[r2-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 route-policy z
[r2-ospf-1]q
[r2]
4、R4也是一样去R3包括环回可以走两条路径但并没有负载均衡 解决方案在R2上做路由策略修改类型即可
AR3
#捕捉流量
[r3]ip ip-prefix z permit 20.1.1.0 30#配置策略
[r3]route-policy z permit node 10
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r3-route-policy]if-match ip-prefix z
[r3-route-policy]apply cost-type type-1
[r3-route-policy]q#建立空表放过流量
[r3]route-policy z permit node 20
Info: New Sequence of this List.
[r3-route-policy]q#调用策略
[r3]ospf 1
[r3-ospf-1]import-route rip 1 route-policy z
[r3-ospf-1]q
[r3] R1和R7的环回可以正常通信 实验到此为止环路和选路不佳解决要求也是全部完成。
